[THE PREVALENCE OF SLEEPINESS IN THE POPULATION OF ONE OF THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA]

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Sleep Medicine
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a prevalent condition impacting quality of life and potentially indicating underlying sleep disorders.
• Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common but often undiagnosed sleep disorder associated with significant health risks.
• Understanding the prevalence and risk factors of EDS in diverse populations is essential for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in the adult population of Chuvashia.
• To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with EDS in this population.
• To assess the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) risk and its relationship with EDS.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 2161 residents of Chuvashia aged 18-70.
• Utilized the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for EDS assessment and the NoSAS test for OSAS risk evaluation.
• Employed descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and chi-squared distribution for data analysis.

Main Results:

• EDS was identified in 39.2% of participants, with no significant gender or location-based differences.
• EDS prevalence increased with age, peaking in the 61-70 age group, and was associated with higher BMI, existing diseases, alcohol consumption, smoking, snoring, and hypertension.
• The NoSAS test indicated a 13.7% probability of OSAS, with EDS present in 45.4% of those at risk.

Conclusions:

• Excessive daytime sleepiness is highly prevalent in the Chuvashian population, particularly among older adults.
• Identified risk factors such as snoring, obesity, and hypertension are strong indicators for potential OSAS and warrant clinical attention.
• Healthcare providers should screen for EDS and associated risk factors to facilitate early diagnosis and management of OSAS and comorbid conditions.