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Related Concept Videos

Torsion of Noncircular Members01:16

Torsion of Noncircular Members

354
Circular shafts undergoing torsional stress maintain their cross-sectional integrity due to their axisymmetric nature. This symmetry ensures an even distribution of stress, allowing the shaft to withstand torsion without distorting. In contrast, square bars, lacking this axial symmetry, experience significant distortion across their cross-sections when subjected to torsion, with the exception of along their diagonals and at lines connecting midpoints. A detailed examination of a cubic element...
354
Deformation in a Circular Shaft01:10

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

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One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
643
Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts01:15

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

385
In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...
385
Angle of Twist: Problem Solving01:13

Angle of Twist: Problem Solving

576
An electric motor applies a torque of 700 N·m to an aluminum shaft, triggering a stable rotation. Two pulleys, B and C, are subjected to torques of 300 N·m and 400 N·m, respectively. The modulus of rigidity is provided as 25 GPa. With the knowledge of the length and diameter of each segment, the twist angle between the two pulleys can be computed. First, a section cut is made between pulleys B and C, and the cut cross-section is analyzed using a free-body diagram. Given that the torque...
576
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving01:29

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving

548
Consider a crane whose telescopic boom rotates with an angular velocity of 0.04 rad/s and angular acceleration of 0.02 rad/s2. Along with the rotation, the boom also extends linearly with a uniform speed of 5 m/s. The extension of the boom is measured at point D, which is measured with respect to the fixed point C on the other end of the boom. For the given instant, the distance between points C and D is 60 meters.
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
548
Bending and Torsional Moments01:20

Bending and Torsional Moments

5.0K
Bending and torsional moments are two fundamental concepts in structural engineering. They play an important role in understanding the behavior of materials and structures under different loading conditions.
The reaction developed in a structural element when subjected to an external force causes the element to bend. When a structural element bends upwards, it creates compressive normal forces on the top and tensile normal forces on the bottom, resulting in a couple that determines the bending...
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Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle
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Comparing Direct Observation of Torsion with Array-Derived Rotation in Civil Engineering Structures.

Philippe Guéguen1, Frédéric Guattari2, Coralie Aubert1

  • 1ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes, USMB, CNRS, IRD, Université Gustave Eiffel, 38058 Grenoble, France.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 31, 2020
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Summary

This study analyzed building rotation rates using translation sensors and a rotation sensor at Grenoble city hall. Findings offer insights into structural integrity monitoring and seismic wave analysis.

Keywords:
City-Hall GrenobleStructural Health Monitoring (SHM)array-derivedbuildingscivil engineeringrotation

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Structural Engineering
  • Seismology

Background:

  • Buildings are equipped with translation sensors to monitor structural health.
  • Rotation sensors are less commonly used for structural analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze building rotation rates using a combination of translation and rotation sensors.
  • To compare acceleration/rotation ratios with seismic wave velocities.
  • To explore applications in building imaging and structural integrity monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Installed a BlueSeis-3A rotation sensor at the top of Grenoble city hall for over 24 hours.
  • Analyzed ambient vibrations, translation accelerations, and rotation rates at the building's top and bottom.
  • Compared acceleration/rotation ratios with seismic wave velocities derived from seismic interferometry.

Main Results:

  • Detailed analysis of translation accelerations and rotation rates over time.
  • Comparison of building response characteristics derived from different sensor types.
  • Established a link between acceleration/rotation ratios and seismic wave velocities.

Conclusions:

  • Rotation sensing provides valuable data for understanding building dynamics.
  • This approach offers potential for advanced building imaging and continuous structural health monitoring.
  • Further research can explore the contribution of rotations to overall structural response.