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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants
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Low-Asymmetry Interface for Multiuser VR Experiences with Both HMD and Non-HMD Users.

Qimeng Zhang1, Ji-Su Ban1, Mingyu Kim1

  • 1Interdisciplinary Program in Visual Information Processing, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a low-asymmetry interface for shared virtual reality (VR), enhancing non-head-mounted-display (non-HMD) user presence. The system ensures similar perceptions and realistic locomotion for both HMD and non-HMD users, increasing overall satisfaction.

Keywords:
low-asymmetry interfacemultiuser VRshared experiencewalking simulator

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Virtual Reality Studies
  • Immersive Technologies

Background:

  • Shared virtual reality (VR) experiences often create asymmetry between head-mounted display (HMD) users and non-HMD users.
  • This disparity impacts the sense of presence and interaction quality for non-HMD participants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a low-asymmetry interface that enhances the presence of non-HMD users in shared VR environments.
  • To minimize point-of-view and behavioral differences between HMD and non-HMD users.
  • To enable seamless co-experience and equal engagement for all participants.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a portable mobile device for a dynamic point-of-view (PoV) display for non-HMD users.
  • Integration of a walking simulator for in-place walking detection and realistic locomotion.
  • User study to compare presence and satisfaction between HMD and non-HMD users.

Main Results:

  • The low-asymmetry interface significantly improved the sense of presence for non-HMD users, making it comparable to HMD users.
  • Non-HMD users experienced similar visualization and free movement capabilities as HMD users.
  • User satisfaction increased with a higher number of non-HMD participants.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed low-asymmetry interface effectively bridges the presence gap in shared VR.
  • The system facilitates inclusive VR experiences where non-HMD users are active participants.
  • This approach enhances user engagement and satisfaction in multi-user virtual environments.