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Precision Millimeter-Wave-Modulated Wideband Source at 92.4 GHz as a Step Toward an Over-the-Air Reference.

Paritosh Manurkar1, Robert D Horansky2, Benjamin F Jamroz2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a traceable 92.4-GHz signal source for next-generation communications, achieving a 1.4% nominal error vector magnitude (EVM) using predistortion. This enables accurate calibration for millimeter-wave electronics.

Keywords:
Digitally modulated signalmillimeter-wave wireless communicationsover-the-air (OTA) measurementspredistortiontraceabilityuncertainty analysiswireless systems

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Communications Engineering
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Next-generation communication systems increasingly utilize millimeter-wave frequencies.
  • Nonidealities at these higher frequencies necessitate advanced calibration techniques for electronic components.
  • Existing calibration methods may lack traceability to primary standards, impacting measurement accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a traceable signal source for millimeter-wave communications calibration.
  • To achieve a low error vector magnitude (EVM) signal suitable for characterizing system performance.
  • To analyze the uncertainties associated with the generated signal and its measurement.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a 1-GHz bandwidth, 64-quadrature-amplitude-modulated (QAM) signal source at a 92.4-GHz carrier frequency.
  • Application of predistortion techniques to minimize signal nonidealities.
  • Utilizing Monte Carlo methods to track correlated and uncorrelated uncertainties in EVM measurements.
  • Investigating the impact of digital-to-analog converter (DAC) imbalance and system drift on EVM.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a nominal EVM of 1.4% with predistortion techniques.
  • Quantified uncertainty distributions for EVM measurements, with 5th and 95th percentiles at 1.5% and 3.1%, respectively.
  • Demonstrated the dependence of EVM on DAC imbalance and system drift.
  • Used the stable, low-EVM source to measure on- and off-axis EVM degradation in an over-the-air setup.

Conclusions:

  • The developed signal source provides traceability to primary standards for millimeter-wave communications.
  • The predistortion technique enables repeatable low-EVM signal generation.
  • The uncertainty analysis provides a robust understanding of measurement limitations.
  • The traceable source is valuable for characterizing EVM degradation in wireless systems.