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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optics and Photonics
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a 2D material with excellent dielectric and optical properties.
    • hBN's applications in optics and photonics are hindered by challenges in fabricating large, high-quality flakes.
    • Integration of 2D materials with photonic devices requires scalable fabrication and characterization methods.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a fabrication method for large-area, few-layer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) flakes.
    • To demonstrate the integration of these hBN flakes with photonic microstructures, specifically circular Bragg gratings (CBGs).
    • To characterize the quality of hBN flakes and analyze their optical properties when coupled to a CBG.

    Main Methods:

    • Mechanical exfoliation to produce few-layer hBN flakes with areas up to 5000µm².
    • Integration of hBN flakes onto pre-fabricated circular Bragg gratings (CBGs).
    • Characterization using Raman spectroscopy to confirm layer quality and second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to probe optical properties.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully fabricated few-layer hBN flakes with lateral dimensions up to 5000µm².
    • Demonstrated successful integration of hBN flakes onto CBG structures.
    • Raman spectroscopy confirmed the high quality of exfoliated hBN flakes, both on and off the CBG.
    • SHG microscopy revealed a uniform SHG signal across the hBN flake outside the CBG.
    • Observed an amplified SHG signal in the center of the CBG when the hBN flake was placed on it.

    Conclusions:

    • A scalable method for fabricating large-area, few-layer hBN flakes was established.
    • hBN flakes can be effectively integrated with photonic microstructures like CBGs.
    • The interaction between hBN and CBGs leads to enhanced nonlinear optical responses, evidenced by amplified SHG.