Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 13, 2025
08:05
A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
Published on: January 5, 2018
9.9K
Behavior Change
Angela L Duckworth1, James J Gross2
1University of Pennsylvania.
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
|March 15, 2021
Summary
This study introduces a process model of behavior change to guide individuals and organizations in aligning actions with goals. It outlines four key intervention points: situations, attention, appraisals, and responses for effective habit modification.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral Science
- Psychology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Empirical research on behavior change is rapidly expanding.
- A coherent framework for aligning actions with valued goals is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a parsimonious process model of behavior change.
- To organize behavior change strategies based on their impact on behavioral impulses.
Main Methods:
- The proposed model outlines a sequence: objective situations influence attention, which leads to subjective appraisals, and finally response tendencies.
- Identifies four key points for intervention: situations, attention, appraisals, and responses.
Main Results:
- Unhealthy habits form when momentary temptations consistently override valued goals.
- Behavior change can be achieved by strategically modifying situations, attention, appraisals, or responses.
Conclusions:
- The process model of behavior change offers a framework for understanding and intervening in habit formation.
- Behavior change strategies can be initiated by individuals (self-control) or external agents.
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