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Updated: Nov 12, 2025
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Intraventricular Drug Delivery and Sampling for Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Study
Published on: March 31, 2022
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Antimicrobial use in central nervous system infections
Francesco Ciummo1,2, Pavithra Srinivas3, Jessica Biedny4
1Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York.
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|March 20, 2021
Summary
Central nervous system infections pose significant risks. This review covers updated antimicrobial therapies for meningitis and ventriculitis, including novel systemic and direct administration routes for drug-resistant infections.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Central nervous system (CNS) infections are a major cause of severe illness and death.
- Rising multidrug-resistant organisms limit effective treatment options for CNS infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current antimicrobial treatments for CNS infections.
- To update management strategies for community-acquired and healthcare-associated meningitis and ventriculitis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current antimicrobial therapies.
- Analysis of novel systemic and direct (intrathecal/intraventricular) administration routes.
- Evaluation of treatment updates for specific CNS infections.
Main Results:
- Limited antimicrobial choices exist due to increasing resistance.
- Newer systemic agents and direct administration routes (intrathecal/intraventricular) show promise.
- Direct administration can achieve high cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations, minimizing systemic exposure.
Conclusions:
- Updated systemic, intrathecal (IT), and intraventricular (IVT) antimicrobial strategies offer potential for CNS infections.
- Further pharmacokinetic and prospective studies are required to validate these therapeutic approaches.
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