Biofabrication in Congenital Cardiac Surgery: A Plea from the Operating Theatre, Promise from Science

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Biofabrication

Background:

• Clinical application of biofabricated materials in individualized settings lags despite advances.
• Current biomaterials for congenital and pediatric cardiac surgery lack growth potential, leading to reoperations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current biofabrication strategies and clinical practices in pediatric cardiac surgery.
• To highlight the need for translational research and interdisciplinary collaboration to bridge the gap between labs and patients.

Main Methods:

• Review of state-of-the-art clinical practices in congenital and pediatric cardiac surgery.
• Analysis of current biofabrication techniques, including 3D printing and bioprinting.
• Identification of challenges and opportunities in translational research.

Main Results:

• Three-dimensional (3D) printing and bioprinting show potential for tissue engineering and creating custom structures.
• A significant gap exists between laboratory research and clinical bedside application.
• Viable, growing biomaterials could eliminate the need for reoperations in pediatric cardiac surgery.

Conclusions:

• Congenital cardiac surgery presents a unique opportunity for translational research and rapid adoption of new techniques.
• Interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial for advancing biofabrication in pediatric cardiac surgery.
• Developing and translating advanced biomaterials is essential for improving long-term patient outcomes and quality of life.