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Related Concept Videos

Faraday's Law01:10

Faraday's Law

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Faraday's law state that the induced emf is the negative change in the magnetic flux per unit of time. Any change in the magnetic field or change in the orientation of the area of the coil with respect to the magnetic field induces a voltage (emf). The magnetic flux measures the number of magnetic field lines through a given surface area. Magnetic flux is estimated from the integral of the dot product of the magnetic field vector and the area vector. The negative sign describes the...
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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents

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Two long, straight, and parallel current-carrying conductors exert a force of equal magnitude on one another. The direction of the force depends on the current direction in the conductors.
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Inverse Faraday Effect for Superconducting Condensates.

S V Mironov1, A S Mel'nikov1,2, I D Tokman1

  • 1Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-105, Russia.

Physical Review Letters
|April 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circularly polarized light induces a magnetic moment in Cooper pairs within superconductors. This inverse Faraday effect is explained by the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model, linking it to the Hall effect in superconductors.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Superconductivity
  • Quantum optics

Background:

  • Superconducting condensates exhibit unique quantum phenomena.
  • The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with superconductors is a key area of research.
  • The Faraday effect describes the rotation of light polarization in a magnetic field; the inverse effect is less understood in superfluids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms behind the inverse Faraday effect in superconducting condensates.
  • To understand how Cooper pairs acquire a magnetic moment when exposed to circularly polarized light.
  • To explore the role of the Ginzburg-Landau model in explaining this phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (GL) model, a phenomenological dynamic theory for superfluids.
  • Analyzed the dynamics of the superconducting order parameter.
  • Investigated the contribution of the nonzero imaginary part of the GL relaxation time.

Main Results:

  • Cooper pairs in superconductors acquire a temperature-dependent dc magnetic moment under circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation.
  • The light-induced magnetic moment is significantly influenced by nondissipative oscillatory contributions to the order parameter dynamics.
  • A connection was established between the direct and inverse Faraday phenomena through the GL relaxation time and the Hall effect.

Conclusions:

  • The time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model successfully explains the inverse Faraday effect in superconductors.
  • The imaginary part of the GL relaxation time plays a crucial role in the light-induced magnetic moment.
  • This research provides insights into the interplay between electromagnetic radiation and superconductivity, with implications for the Hall effect.