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Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in DNA Nanosensors – Addressing Sensitivity and Selectivity Challenges in Molecular Detection
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DNA-based ribonuclease detection assays.

Arun Richard Chandrasekaran1

  • 1The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA. arun@albany.edu.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|April 26, 2021
PubMed
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Ribonuclease detection assays are crucial for biomarker analysis and preventing lab contamination. This review highlights novel DNA-based biosensing methods, including G-quadruplex structures, for improved ribonuclease detection.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Ribonucleases (RNases) are enzymes with dual roles: valuable biomarkers and common laboratory contaminants.
  • Accurate detection of RNases is critical for reliable life sciences research and diagnostics.
  • Existing detection methods face challenges in sensitivity, specificity, or ease of use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in DNA-based biosensing techniques for ribonuclease detection.
  • To discuss methods employing G-quadruplex DNA structures, DNA-nanoparticle conjugates, and DNA nanostructures.
  • To evaluate the advantages and limitations of these emerging ribonuclease detection strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of G-quadruplex DNA-based sensors for RNase activity.

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  • Analysis of DNA-nanoparticle conjugates for enhanced signal transduction in RNase assays.
  • Review of DNA nanostructures designed for specific and sensitive ribonuclease detection.
  • Discussion of the integration of these DNA-based platforms for improved biosensing.

    • Main Results:

    • DNA-based biosensors offer promising alternatives to traditional ribonuclease detection methods.
    • G-quadruplex structures provide a versatile platform for developing sensitive RNase assays.
    • DNA-nanoparticle conjugates and nanostructures enhance detection sensitivity and specificity.
    • These novel methods show potential for overcoming limitations of current assays.

    Conclusions:

    • Emerging DNA-based biosensing technologies, particularly those using G-quadruplexes and nanostructures, represent a significant advancement in ribonuclease detection.
    • These innovative approaches offer improved sensitivity, specificity, and potential for field applications.
    • Further development is warranted to fully realize the clinical and research potential of these advanced ribonuclease detection assays.