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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes

Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes

Published on: May 20, 2011

Psychological and Physiological Features Associated with Swimming Performance.

Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez^1,2, Juan Pedro Fuentes-García³, Ricardo J Fernandes⁴

¹Faculty of Sport Science, European University of Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

|April 30, 2021

Summary

Trained swimmers

Keywords:

autonomic nervous system fatigue maximal aerobic speed sport performance

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Exercise Physiology
Psychology of Sport

Background:

Understanding the psychological and physiological factors influencing athletic performance is crucial for optimizing training.
Trained swimmers represent a key population for investigating the specific demands of aerobic and anaerobic swimming.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the distinct psychological and physiological characteristics associated with aerobic versus anaerobic performance in trained swimmers.
To provide coaches with data-driven insights for tailoring interventions based on performance type.

Main Methods:

Utilized correlation and stepwise regression analyses to examine relationships between variables.
Collected data from 20 trained swimmers using the RESTQ-76 sport questionnaire and heart rate variability (HRV) testing.
Assessed both anaerobic and aerobic swimming performance metrics.

Main Results:

Aerobic performance significantly correlated with parasympathetic modulation indicators from HRV (e.g., NN50 r: 0.937, p < 0.001).
Anaerobic performance showed significant correlations with psychological factors, specifically lower stress (r: 0.526, p: 0.025) and higher fatigue (r: -0.506, p: 0.032).

Conclusions:

Swimming performance is differentiated by psychological and physiological features based on aerobic or anaerobic demands.
Aerobic performance is linked to physiological markers (parasympathetic modulation), while anaerobic performance is associated with psychological states (stress, fatigue).
Coaches can leverage these findings to identify key variables for swimmers competing in different energy system-dominant events.