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James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) was one of the major contributors to physics in the nineteenth century. Although he died young, he made major contributions to the development of the kinetic theory of gases, to the understanding of color vision, and to understanding the nature of Saturn's rings. He is probably best known for having combined existing knowledge on the laws of electricity and magnetism with his insights into a complete overarching electromagnetic theory, which is...
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Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
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New fluctuation theorems on Maxwell's demon.

Qian Zeng1, Jin Wang2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.

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|June 5, 2021
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Researchers explored energy dissipation in nanoscale systems using Maxwell's demon principles. New fluctuation theorems reveal tighter bounds on work and heat, suggesting a nonequilibrium state driven by information.

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Nanoscale Systems

Background:

  • Increasing interest in controlling nano- and mesoscopic systems.
  • Refinement of the Maxwell's demon concept to understand energy dissipation limits in open systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To uncover the physical principles governing systems controlled by a Maxwell's demon.
  • To explore a previously unexamined set of fluctuation theorems.

Main Methods:

  • Proving a new set of fluctuation theorems.
  • Analyzing the implications of these theorems for system thermodynamics.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of an intrinsic nonequilibrium state in the system.
  • Identification of nonnegative demon-induced dissipative information as a driver.
  • Establishment of tighter bounds on work and heat compared to the Sagawa-Ueda theorem.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals fundamental principles of information-driven thermodynamics at small scales.
  • The derived bounds offer a more precise understanding of energy exchange limits.
  • A potential experimental verification for the proposed bounds is suggested.