Dental cone beam CT: An updated review

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Dental Imaging
• Medical Physics

Background:

• Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a pivotal 3D x-ray imaging modality in dental radiology over the past 20 years.
• CBCT significantly enhances the visualization of maxillofacial bony structures and soft tissues compared to traditional 2D dental imaging.
• Its ability to provide accurate multiplanar details has led to widespread adoption in various dental specialties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated review of dental CBCT imaging.
• To summarize technical features of current CBCT scanners and recent technological advancements.
• To discuss clinical aspects, regulatory perspectives on dose optimization, dosimetry, and diagnostic reference levels.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature and technological developments in dental CBCT.
• Analysis of technical specifications of existing CBCT scanner models.
• Examination of clinical applications and regulatory guidelines for CBCT use.

Main Results:

• CBCT provides superior 3D visualization of maxillofacial anatomy compared to 2D radiography.
• Recent advancements focus on improving image quality, reducing radiation dose, and expanding clinical applications.
• Regulatory bodies are establishing guidelines for dose optimization and diagnostic reference levels.

Conclusions:

• Dental CBCT is an essential tool offering detailed 3D imaging for maxillofacial structures.
• Ongoing research and technological development aim to enhance CBCT efficacy and patient safety.
• Further work is needed to resolve issues for optimized and clinically effective CBCT examinations benefiting patients.