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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

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Optimizing Fog Harps.

Nicholas G Kowalski1, Weiwei Shi2, Brook S Kennedy3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.

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|August 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimized fog harps, using stainless steel wires, significantly outperform mesh nets in water harvesting. Design factors like wire pitch and length prevent tangling, achieving 17% efficiency.

Keywords:
anticloggingelastocapillarityfog harpfog harvestingwire tangling

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Fog harvesting offers a sustainable water source in arid regions.
  • Conventional mesh nets have limitations in water collection efficiency.
  • Optimal design parameters for fog harps are not yet established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal design parameters for fog harps.
  • To enhance fog water harvesting efficiency.
  • To identify the best wire materials, pitch, and length for fog harp construction.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic variation of scale-model fog harp parameters: wire material, pitch, and length.
  • Utilized an elastocapillary wire tangling model to predict tangling onset.
  • Compared water harvesting efficiency against conventional Raschel mesh nets.

Main Results:

  • Stainless steel identified as a highly effective hydrophilic wire material.
  • Optimal wire pitch is dependent on wire length, with smaller pitches effective for shorter harps.
  • An optimized stainless-steel fog harp achieved 17% water harvesting efficiency, over three times that of Raschel mesh.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal fog harp design involves high-tension, uncoated wires and a large aspect ratio frame.
  • Careful consideration of wire pitch and length is crucial to prevent tangling and maximize efficiency.
  • Optimized fog harps present a significant advancement over current mesh-based fog water collection technologies.