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Related Concept Videos

Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

45.9K
It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
45.9K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.1K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.1K
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

53.7K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
53.7K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.2K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.2K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.1K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.1K
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.3K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.3K

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Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

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Collectively Encoded Rydberg Qubit.

Nicholas L R Spong1, Yuechun Jiao1,2, Oliver D W Hughes1

  • 1Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre Durham-Newcastle, Rochester Building, Durham, England DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|August 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a robust quantum qubit using entangled atoms and Rydberg excitations. This collectively encoded qubit maintains coherence even with atom loss, offering a promising strategy for quantum computation.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Quantum computation requires robust qubits resistant to environmental noise.
  • Collective encoding in atomic ensembles offers a potential pathway for enhanced qubit stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a collectively encoded qubit using Rydberg excitations in entangled atomic ensembles.
  • To investigate the coherence and robustness of this qubit against perturbations and atom loss.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a single Rydberg excitation stored in an ensemble of N entangled atoms.
  • Performing qubit rotations via microwave fields driving Rydberg state excitations.
  • Implementing coherent readout by mapping excitation to a single photon.
  • Employing Ramsey interferometry to probe qubit coherence and robustness.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated preserved qubit coherence and Ramsey fringe visibility despite atom loss from the polariton mode.
  • Quantified dephasing due to electric field noise, showing a fourth-power scaling with field amplitude.
  • Confirmed the robustness of the collectively encoded qubit to external perturbations.

Conclusions:

  • Collective encoding using Rydberg polaritons enables robust quantum information processing.
  • This system presents an attractive alternative coding strategy for quantum computation and networking.
  • The demonstrated qubit stability opens avenues for advanced quantum technologies.