Post-hysteroscopy Duration of the Cook Balloon Uterine Stent Effect on the Re-adhesion Formation

To compare duration of Cook balloon uterine stent on re-adhesions formation, and observe its effect on serum transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels in patients with intrauterine adhesions (IUA) undergoing hysteroscopic transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA).

Randomised controlled trial.

No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Shaanxi Province, China, from January 2018 to January 2019.

A total of 98 patients with IUA, who underwent hysteroscopic TCRA with cold scissors, were randomly divided into Group A (n=49) and Group B (n=49). Cook balloon uterine stent was placed for 37 days in Group A and 7 days in Group B. Efficacy of two groups was compared.

Total effective rate in Group A was higher than that in Group B (p=0.021). After treatment, levels of serum TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in Group A were lower than those in Group B (p <0.001, and p=0.001, respectively). Recurrence rate of IUA at three months after treatment and total incidence of complications in Group A were lower than those in Group B (p=0.012, and 0.037, respectively). Pregnancy rate in the 2-year follow-up period in Group A was higher than that in Group B (p= 0.043).

Placement of Cook balloon uterine stent for 37 days after hysteroscopic TCRA in patients with IUA can effectively prevent postoperative intrauterine re-adhesion, have few complications, low recurrence rate of IUA and high re-pregnancy rate, and reduce levels of serum TGF-β1 and PAI-1. Key Words: Intrauterine adhesions (IUA), Transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA), Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), Pregnancy.