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Related Concept Videos

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

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Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology01:29

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
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Esophagus01:24

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The esophagus, a muscular conduit linking the pharynx and stomach, measures roughly 10 inches (25.4 cm) and sits behind the trachea. It remains collapsed when not swallowing. The esophagus follows a predominantly straight path through the thoracic mediastinum and enters the abdominal cavity through a diaphragmatic opening known as the esophageal hiatus.
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
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Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
03:23

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Published on: May 10, 2024

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Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

Heather K Lehman1, Weyman Lam1

  • 1Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 1001 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|October 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a growing condition affecting all ages. While treatments exist, symptoms often return after stopping therapy, highlighting the need for ongoing management strategies.

Keywords:
AtopyDysphagiaEosinophiliaEosinophilic esophagitisFood allergy

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated esophageal disease with increasing prevalence.
  • Clinical presentation varies by age, with vague symptoms in children and dysphagia/food impaction in adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of eosinophilic esophagitis, including its epidemiology, clinical features, and therapeutic approaches.
  • To highlight the chronic nature of EoE and the challenges in long-term management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on eosinophilic esophagitis.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends and clinical presentation across different age groups.
  • Evaluation of current treatment options and their efficacy.

Main Results:

  • EoE prevalence has significantly increased over recent decades.
  • Pediatric EoE presents with less specific symptoms compared to adult presentations.
  • Effective therapies, including medications and dietary changes, are available but often lead to disease recurrence upon discontinuation.

Conclusions:

  • Eosinophilic esophagitis requires ongoing management due to its chronic and relapsing nature.
  • Understanding age-specific presentations is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective treatment.
  • Further research into long-term management strategies is warranted to prevent disease recurrence.