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Spirometry parameters used to define small airways obstruction in population-based studies: systematic review
Ben Knox-Brown1, Octavia Mulhern1, Andre F S Amaral2
1National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
BMJ Open
|October 6, 2021
Summary
This systematic review examines spirometry parameters for small airways obstruction (SAO). It synthesizes population data to clarify definitions and prevalence, aiding future research on early obstructive lung disease detection.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Respiratory Physiology
Background:
- Growing interest in spirometry for early detection of small airways obstruction (SAO).
- SAO changes may precede established obstructive lung diseases.
- Current methods lack consensus on parameters and abnormality definitions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review population-based studies on SAO assessment using spirometry.
- To describe parameters, normal range definitions, and their impact on SAO prevalence.
- To inform future research directions in SAO detection.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (inception–May 2021).
- Adherence to PRISMA guidelines for study selection.
- Quality assessment using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and GRADE methodology.
- Narrative synthesis and meta-analysis for prevalence and risk factors.
Main Results:
- Primary outcomes: spirometry parameter used for SAO and definition of abnormality.
- Meta-analysis will explore prevalence estimates and associated risk factors.
- Heterogeneity assessed using I² statistics; subgroup analysis where appropriate.
Conclusions:
- Evidence synthesis is crucial for standardizing SAO assessment.
- Clarifying definitions will improve accuracy of prevalence estimates.
- Findings will guide the development of more robust diagnostic criteria for SAO.
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