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Related Concept Videos

Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
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Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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Imaging of Developmental Skull Base Abnormalities.

Ata Siddiqui1, Steve E J Connor1

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|October 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers skull base embryology and anatomy, detailing common congenital abnormalities like dermoids, teratomas, and Chiari malformations. It highlights developmental pearls and pitfalls for understanding skull base pathologies.

Keywords:
CTDevelopmental skull base abnormalitiesMRINeuroradiologySkull baseSkull base development

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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial developmental anatomy and pathology.
  • Skull base embryology and congenital abnormalities.

Background:

  • The skull base is crucial for supporting the brain and housing vital neurovascular structures.
  • Understanding its development is key to diagnosing congenital skull base abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the embryology and developmental anatomy of the anterior, central, and posterior skull base.
  • To highlight common skull base pathologies and their embryological origins.
  • To provide insights into developmental pearls and pitfalls.

Main Methods:

  • Review of embryology and developmental anatomy literature.
  • Discussion of illustrative cases and tables.
  • Focus on pathologies including notochordal remnants and Chiari malformations.

Main Results:

  • Detailed discussion of various skull base abnormalities: dermoids, epidermoids, cephaloceles, nasal gliomas, glioneuronal heterotopias, notochordal remnants, persistent craniopharyngeal canal, teratomas, platybasia, basilar invagination, clival anomalies, and Chiari malformations.
  • Emphasis on ossification patterns and developmental anomalies.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of skull base embryology and anatomy is essential for diagnosing congenital abnormalities.
  • Illustrative cases and developmental insights aid in recognizing and managing these complex pathologies.