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Connective Tissue Disorders and Cardiovascular Complications: The Indomitable Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β

Jason B Wheeler1, John S Ikonomidis2, Jeffrey A Jones3

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 22, 2021
PubMed

Keywords:
Activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)AneurysmAneurysm-osteoarthritis syndrome (AOS)AortaAortic aneurysm thoracic (AAT)Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS)Arteriovenous malformationBMP receptorBeta blockersCollagenCuracao diagnostic criteriaDoxycyclineEhlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS)EndoglinExtracellular matrixExtracellular signal related kinase (ERK)Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection syndrome (FTAAD)FibrillinFibrodysplasia Ossificans progressive (FOP)Genetic testingHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)IntegrinsLoeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS)LosartanMarfan syndrome (MFS)MetalloproteinaseMitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)Mitral valvePrimary pulmonary hypertensionSMADShprintzen-Goldberg syndromeTGF-β receptorThoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection syndromeTransforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)

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