Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

8.6K
Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
8.6K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

1.2K
Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
1.2K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

322
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
322
Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

49.0K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
49.0K
Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

3.6K
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
3.6K
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

16.8K
Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
16.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

SynaptoTagMe, a toolkit for in vivo mapping and modulating neurotransmission at single-cell resolution.

eLife·2026
Same author

Wenyang Yishen Tongluo prescription synergizes with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis via inhibiting IL-6.

Journal of molecular histology·2026
Same author

Lung Dose and Pneumonitis Risk Following Five-Fraction Breast Radiotherapy.

Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology·2026
Same author

Targeted Sedation And Circadian Interventions In Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients: A Narrative Review.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE·2026
Same author

Ventilation strategies and outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: protocol for a pre-planned sub-analysis of the STEPCARE trial.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Characterization of topographic lateral resolution in coherence scanning interferometry based on a virtual instrument.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Long-term stabilization of intensity-difference squeezing from four-wave mixing in rubidium vapor.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Robust 3D topography measurement of large-range high-aspect-ratio structures based on dual-domain statistical filtering in SD-OCT.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Broadband transmissive terahertz metasurface for simultaneous quad-mode OAM multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Leveraging two-dimensional materials for high-sensitivity optical sensors: quasi-bound states in the continuum within hybrid metasurfaces.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Resolution investigation for dual-spherical-wave optical scanning holographic microscopy: methods and performance.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Robustness of parallel subnetwork-filtered diffractive deep neural networks.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
10:39

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

9.8K

Surface measuring coherence scanning interferometry beyond the specular reflection limit.

Matthew Thomas, Rong Su, Peter de Groot

    Optics Express
    |November 23, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study models coherence scanning interferometers to measure steep and tilted surfaces beyond their standard limits. Results show how tilting objects affects measurements, verifying theoretical predictions with experiments.

    More Related Videos

    Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments
    11:47

    Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments

    Published on: February 27, 2013

    15.8K
    Author Spotlight: A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging
    04:54

    Author Spotlight: A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging

    Published on: June 16, 2023

    3.2K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Oct 12, 2025

    Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
    10:39

    Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

    Published on: October 11, 2016

    9.8K
    Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments
    11:47

    Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments

    Published on: February 27, 2013

    15.8K
    Author Spotlight: A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging
    04:54

    Author Spotlight: A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging

    Published on: June 16, 2023

    3.2K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical metrology
    • Surface topography measurement

    Background:

    • Optical surface topography measurement methods face limitations with steep and tilted surfaces.
    • The numerical aperture slope limit restricts measurements to angles within the specular reflection limit.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the capability of optical surface topography measurement methods for steep and tilted surfaces.
    • To analyze the effect of object tilt angles exceeding the numerical aperture slope limit on interference signals and topography measurements.
    • To validate theoretical modeling with experimental data.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing theoretical modeling of a coherence scanning interferometer.
    • Simulating interference patterns and surface height measurements for a blazed diffraction grating at various tilt angles.
    • Conducting experimental verification of the theoretical predictions.

    Main Results:

    • Interference signal and measured topography are significantly affected by tilt angles beyond the specular reflection limit.
    • Theoretical models accurately predict the behavior of coherence scanning interferometers when measuring surfaces at large tilt angles.
    • Experimental results confirm the capabilities and limitations of interferometers for measuring beyond the specular reflection limit.

    Conclusions:

    • Coherence scanning interferometers can measure surfaces beyond the traditional specular reflection limit with appropriate modeling.
    • Understanding the impact of tilt angles is crucial for accurate surface topography assessment.
    • The developed modeling methods provide a framework for extending the application range of interferometric techniques.