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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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A Comprehensive Procedure to Evaluate the In Vivo Performance of Cancer Nanomedicines
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Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Current Progress and Challenges.

Shreelaxmi Gavas1, Sameer Quazi2, Tomasz M Karpiński3

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, GenLab Biosolutions Private Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560043, India.

Nanoscale Research Letters
|December 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Nanotechnology offers advanced cancer treatment by utilizing nanoparticles (1-100 nm) to overcome traditional therapy limitations like drug resistance and toxicity. This review explores nanoparticle types, targeting, and approved nanotherapeutics for cancer.

Keywords:
CancerCellular targetingChemotherapyCryosurgeryMultidrug resistanceNanoparticlesScale-up

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Cancer remains a leading cause of death with complex pathophysiology.
  • Traditional therapies (chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapy, immunotherapy) face limitations including lack of specificity, cytotoxicity, and multidrug resistance.
  • Nanotechnology presents a revolutionary approach to cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review various nanoparticle types and their applications in cancer treatment.
  • To discuss nanoparticle targeting mechanisms and approved nanotherapeutics for oncological implications.
  • To summarize the current perspectives, advantages, and challenges of nanotherapeutics in clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of nanoparticle-based cancer therapies.
  • Analysis of nanoparticle classification, targeting strategies, and drug delivery systems.
  • Examination of approved nanodrugs and their clinical translation status.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticles (1-100 nm) offer advantages like biocompatibility, reduced toxicity, enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, and precise targeting.
  • Nanoparticle drug delivery systems leverage tumor-specific characteristics to overcome limitations of conventional treatments and multidrug resistance.
  • Despite promising in vitro and in vivo studies, the clinical translation of nanotherapeutics remains limited.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticles offer significant potential to improve cancer treatment efficacy and overcome existing therapeutic challenges.
  • Further research and development are crucial to accelerate the clinical translation of nanomedicine for cancer.
  • Understanding new multidrug resistance mechanisms will drive further investigation into nanoparticle-based cancer therapies.