[Fingerprints: origin, uses and challenges in the face of its verification failure]

Considering that fingerprints are impressions of the epidermal ridges of the fingers with a unique, unrepeatable, and permanent pattern, they are the basis of the biometric identification method most used today. Among its various uses stand out identification for multiple activities such as authentication to access work and cell phones, operation of bank accounts, criminal investigations, etc. The absence or deterioration of the epidermal ridges, called adermatoglyphia, prevents identification by finger biometrics. Adermatoglyphia originates from multiple causes, including several skin diseases, traumatic injuries of the fingers, denervation, aging, chemotherapy, among others. The origin, uses, and systems for fingerprints verification are briefly addressed here. The main objective is to emphasize the existence of people with fingerprint verification failure, a relevant condition due to the potential risk of discrimination, especially when fingerprint verification is mandatory.