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Stark Many-Body Localization on a Superconducting Quantum Processor.

Qiujiang Guo1, Chen Cheng2,3, Hekang Li1

  • 1Department of Physics and Hangzhou Innovation Center, Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Physical Review Letters
|December 24, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed Stark many-body localization (MBL) in a quantum emulator. This phenomenon, characterized by periodic Bloch oscillations, demonstrates Hilbert space fragmentation in superconducting qubits, offering insights into quantum systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum simulation

Background:

  • Quantum emulators offer precise control for studying quantum many-body systems.
  • Many-body localization (MBL) describes nonergodic behavior in disordered quantum systems, marked by information preservation and slow entanglement growth.
  • Stark MBL, a variant, arises from linearly varied energy landscapes rather than disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely observe Stark many-body localization (MBL) in a quantum emulator.
  • To investigate the dynamics of a nonintegrable spin model using superconducting qubits.
  • To explore Hilbert space fragmentation and dipole moment conservation under Stark potentials.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a quantum device with 29 functional superconducting qubits.
  • Emulation of a nonintegrable spin model's relaxation dynamics.
  • Application of large Stark potentials to induce linear energy landscape variations.

Main Results:

  • Observed periodic Bloch oscillations in local observables at large Stark potentials.
  • Demonstrated Hilbert space fragmentation into sectors conserving dipole moments.
  • Faithfully reproduced relaxation dynamics, validating the quantum emulator's performance.

Conclusions:

  • The quantum emulator successfully demonstrated Stark MBL phenomenology.
  • Periodic Bloch oscillations serve as a signature of Hilbert space fragmentation.
  • Programmable quantum emulators are valuable tools for understanding complex quantum many-body problems.