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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 7, 2025

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis
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Choroidal imaging in uveitis: An update.

Abhilasha Baharani1, Marie-Helene Errera2, Mahima Jhingan3

  • 1Uveitis Services, Neoretina Eyecare Institute, Hyderabad, India.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|January 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advancements in ocular imaging enhance visualization of the choroid and its vasculature, improving diagnosis and management of inflammatory eye diseases like uveitis. New imaging techniques offer critical insights into disease activity and differentiation of lesions.

Keywords:
ChoroidChoroidal imagingFundus fluorescein angiographyIndocyanine angiographyMultiple evanescent white dot syndromeOptical coherence tomographyOptical coherence tomograpy angiographyTuberculosisUveitisWhite dot syndromes

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Direct clinical examination of the choroid and its vasculature is limited.
  • Ocular imaging advancements aim to improve visualization of deeper ocular tissues.
  • Understanding choroidal pathophysiology is crucial for diagnosing inflammatory eye conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review imaging characteristics of choroidal conditions.
  • To highlight how choroidal imaging has advanced disease understanding and management.
  • To discuss the role of imaging in differentiating similar lesions and monitoring disease activity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of conventional imaging modalities: fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and fundus autofluorescence.
  • Inclusion of recent advancements: enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (OCT), swept-source OCT, and OCT angiography.
  • Focus on imaging features relevant to uveitis and other inflammatory ocular conditions.

Main Results:

  • Choroidal imaging has significantly improved the understanding of various ocular inflammatory diseases.
  • Imaging features aid in differentiating phenotypically similar but distinct lesions.
  • Imaging modalities are vital for monitoring disease activity and guiding treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular imaging, particularly of the choroid, has revolutionized the diagnosis and management of inflammatory eye conditions.
  • Advanced OCT techniques provide unprecedented detail of the choroid and its vasculature.
  • Continued development in imaging technology promises further breakthroughs in understanding and treating uveitis.