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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
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Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
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Introduction
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Stable Pd-Cu Hydride Catalyst for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution.

Yanyan Jia1, Tzu-Hsi Huang2, Shuan Lin2

  • 1Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.

Nano Letters
|January 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel palladium-copper hydride catalyst (PdCu0.2H0.43) offers enhanced stability and efficiency for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), overcoming limitations of previous palladium-based catalysts.

Keywords:
Pd-based catalystsPd−Cu hydrideselectrocatalysishydrogen adsorption free energyhydrogen evolution reaction

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Palladium (Pd) is a promising alternative to platinum (Pt) for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysis.
  • Existing Pd-based catalysts, such as Pd-metal alloys and Pd hydrides, face stability issues like metal dissolution and hydrogen release, hindering industrial application.
  • Developing stable and efficient Pd-based HER catalysts is crucial for advancing clean energy technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a stable Pd-Cu hydride catalyst (PdCu0.2H0.43) that combines the benefits of Pd-metal alloys and Pd hydrides.
  • To improve the durability of Pd-based HER catalysts by addressing stability concerns.
  • To achieve high performance in hydrogen evolution reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a stable Pd-Cu hydride (PdCu0.2H0.43) through a novel approach enabling hydrogen intercalation under atmospheric pressure.
  • Characterization of the catalyst's structure and properties.
  • Electrochemical evaluation of the catalyst's performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized PdCu0.2H0.43 catalyst demonstrates high stability due to its unique hydride structure.
  • Achieved a low overpotential of 28 mV at 10 mA/cm², indicating efficient HER performance.
  • Exhibited a low Tafel slope of 23 mV/dec and excellent long-term durability.
  • The catalyst's performance is attributed to optimized hydrogen adsorption free energy and reduced metal dissolution.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Pd-Cu hydride (PdCu0.2H0.43) represents a stable and highly efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
  • This catalyst overcomes the stability limitations of previous Pd-based HER catalysts, paving the way for potential industrial applications.
  • The findings highlight the potential of combining alloy and hydride strategies for designing advanced electrocatalysts.