Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 4, 2025
07:08
Detection of Histone Modifications in Plant Leaves
Published on: September 23, 2011
25.0K
Cataloging Posttranslational Modifications in Plant Histones
Ericka Zacarias1, J Armando Casas-Mollano2,3
1School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, San Miguel de Urcuquí, Ecuador.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|February 3, 2022
Summary
Histone modifications in plants regulate gene expression by altering chromatin structure. This study overviews proteomic approaches to identify and catalog these crucial post-translational modifications (PTMs) in plants.
Area of Science:
- Plant biology
- Molecular biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Eukaryotic DNA is organized into chromatin, a complex of DNA and proteins called histones.
- Chromatin structure must be modulated for DNA accessibility and gene regulation.
- Histones, the basic units of nucleosomes, can undergo extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of histone modifications identified in plants.
- To focus on proteomic-based studies for cataloging plant histone PTMs.
- To describe strategies for profiling histone modifications in plants.
Main Methods:
- Proteomic-based studies on purified histones.
- Proteome-wide analysis of specific histone modifications.
- Cataloging and profiling strategies for plant histone PTMs.
Main Results:
- Plants exhibit a wide array of histone modifications due to diverse functional groups.
- Proteomic approaches are key to identifying and cataloging these modifications.
- Various strategies exist for profiling histone modifications in plants.
Conclusions:
- Histone modifications are critical regulators of gene expression in plants.
- Understanding these modifications requires comprehensive proteomic profiling.
- Further research into plant histone PTMs will elucidate their functional roles in biological systems.
Related Concept Videos
02:32Histone Modification
14.5K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
14.5K
02:25Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
8.6K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
Writers
The writer...
8.6K
02:04Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
7.7K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
7.7K
02:30Histone Variants at the Centromere
4.6K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
4.6K
02:38Heterochromatin
14.8K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
14.8K
01:32Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
2.0K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
2.0K