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High-energy particle accelerators can achieve higher energies using plasma wakefields. This study shows plasma recovery times enable megahertz acceleration rates, making them feasible for future facilities.

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Area of Science:

  • * Plasma physics
  • * Accelerator physics
  • * High-energy physics

Background:

  • * Intense particle bunches interacting with plasma create powerful plasma wakes.
  • * These wakes generate extremely high electric fields (GV/m), surpassing conventional radio-frequency technology.
  • * Plasma wakefield acceleration offers a path to higher particle energies in more compact accelerators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the maximum repetition rates achievable in beam-driven plasma accelerators.
  • * To determine the plasma recovery time after wakefield perturbation.
  • * To assess the feasibility of megahertz acceleration rates for advanced accelerator applications.

Main Methods:

  • * Experimental measurement of plasma recovery time after wakefield interaction.
  • * Analysis of experimental signatures using simulations of evolving ion channels.
  • * Characterization of energy transfer from collapsing wake to surrounding plasma.

Main Results:

  • * Measured plasma recovery times in the many-nanosecond range.
  • * Demonstrated that these recovery times support the in-principle attainment of megahertz acceleration rates.
  • * Confirmed that simulations accurately describe the observed perturbation phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • * Plasma recovery times are a key factor limiting repetition rates in plasma accelerators.
  • * The measured nanosecond-level recovery times indicate that megahertz repetition rates are achievable.
  • * Plasma wakefield modules show promise as high-repetition-rate energy boosters for particle physics and photon science facilities.