Pseudomyopia: A Review.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Optometry
• Vision Science

Background:

• Pseudomyopia involves increased ocular refractive power from accommodative mechanism overstimulation.
• It is crucial to differentiate pseudomyopia from secondary myopia, which has different causes like lenticular changes or systemic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize qualitative evidence on pseudomyopia.
• Clarify pathophysiology, clinical presentation, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of pseudomyopia.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature search of PubMed and Scopus databases up to November 2021.
• Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
• Qualitative synthesis of 54 selected studies.

Main Results:

• Pseudomyopia and accommodation spasm were frequently identified terms.
• Agreement exists on pseudomyopia assessment and diagnosis.
• No consensus on pseudomyopia management strategies was found.

Conclusions:

• Pseudomyopia requires careful diagnosis to distinguish it from other myopia types.
• Further research is needed to establish standardized and effective treatment protocols for pseudomyopia.