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Advancing bipartisan decarbonization policies: lessons from state-level successes and failures
Renae Marshall1,2,3, Matthew G Burgess1,2,4
1Department of Environmental Studies, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
Climatic Change
|April 5, 2022
Summary
Bipartisan support for climate action is possible, especially for policies expanding consumer choice. State-level decarbonization laws show that Republican-led governments can pass climate bills, offering hope for national cooperation.
Area of Science:
- Environmental policy
- Political science
- Climate change mitigation
Background:
- U.S. political polarization hinders national climate action.
- State-level legislation offers insights into bipartisan cooperation on climate change.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the success and failure of state-level decarbonization legislation from 2015-2020.
- To identify factors promoting bipartisanship in climate policy.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review and characterization of 418 enacted and 450 failed state bills.
- Bivariate analyses and regressions to explore correlations between policy characteristics, political contexts, and legislative outcomes.
Main Results:
- Nearly one-third of decarbonization bills were passed by Republican-controlled governments.
- Bipartisan support was higher for financial incentives and policies expanding consumer choice.
- Policies restricting consumer choice, like mandatory Renewable Energy and Efficiency Portfolio Standards (REEPS), were often Democrat-led.
Conclusions:
- Climate change legislation can achieve bipartisan success, particularly when focusing on economic benefits and consumer choice.
- Framing environmental justice economically, rather than through social justice jargon, may increase bipartisan appeal.
- Understanding these dynamics can inform future climate policy development and promote national action.
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