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[Combination therapy based on PD-1/PD-L1 blocking in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer]
Ningning Zhang1, Xu Wang1, Jinao Shen1
1Second Student Brigade, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Abstract:
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most serious malignancies and a serious threat to patients' quality of life. Traditional treatment have limitations such as side-effects, recurrence, drug resistance and lack of specificity. A novel therapy with immune checkpoint blocking has marked a breakthrough in the field of tumor therapy. It transforms the target of tumor therapy from a single molecule to immune cells, and provides a new strategy with a focus on the regulation of T cell function to control tumor progression. Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is the most well-studied immune checkpoint molecules. In recent years, profound progress was made in developing immunotherapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, particularly in the treatment of NSCLC, given their high specificity and low side-effects. Nevertheless, there are still a considerable number of patients who have no significant therapeutic effect after receiving single antibodies that block the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Studies have shown that immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the combination with other therapies can significantly improve survival rate and quality of life in patients. Such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, dual immune checkpoint intervention, immunomodulator intervention, and even intestinal flora regulation can also be combined with anti-PD-1 /PD-L1 antibody for clinical treatment of NSCLC. These combination therapies have their own strengths and limitations, and their synergy mechanism requires further study. For NSCLC, more potential combined therapies based on PD-1/PD-L1 blockade are also being explored, laying a foundation for improving the survival rate and quality of life of NSCLC patients.
Insights
Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting Programmed death 1 (PD-1) show promise for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Combining anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies with other treatments may improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Cancer Therapy
Background:
- Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents significant challenges due to limitations of traditional treatments.
- Immune checkpoint blockade, particularly targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, offers a novel therapeutic strategy by modulating T cell function.
- Despite advancements, a subset of NSCLC patients do not respond to single-agent PD-1/PD-L1 blockade.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the advancements in PD-1/PD-L1 pathway-targeted immunotherapies for NSCLC.
- To explore the potential of combination therapies involving PD-1/PD-L1 blockade for improved treatment efficacy.
- To highlight the ongoing research into novel combination strategies for NSCLC.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitors in NSCLC treatment.
- Analysis of studies investigating combination therapies with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies.
- Exploration of emerging therapeutic strategies and their mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Immunotherapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have demonstrated high specificity and low side-effects in NSCLC treatment.
- Combination therapies, including those with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, dual immune checkpoint intervention, immunomodulators, and gut microbiota regulation, show potential for improved survival rates.
- Various combination strategies are being explored to overcome resistance and enhance therapeutic effects.
Conclusions:
- Combination therapies based on PD-1/PD-L1 blockade represent a promising frontier for improving survival and quality of life in NSCLC patients.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the synergistic mechanisms of these combination therapies.
- Developing novel combination strategies is crucial for advancing NSCLC treatment paradigms.
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