Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

4.3K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
4.3K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

5.1K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
5.1K
Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

3.1K
Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
3.1K
Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

5.7K
Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
5.7K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

3.1K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
3.1K
The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

2.5K
The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Colorectal Cancer Survival: A single-Centre Experience.

Indian journal of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

The Role of MRI in Assessing Residual Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

The American surgeon·2023
Same author

Breast lymphoma: General review.

Breast disease·2023
Same author

Adrenal Lymphoma: Case Reports and Mini-review.

International journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2023
Same author

Comparative Study Between Laparoscopic and Open Techniques for Insertion of Ventriculperitoneal Shunt for Treatment of Congenital Hydrocephalus.

Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
03:55

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

620

Thyroid Lymphoma: Case Series Review.

Emad Rezkallah1, Ragai S Hanna2, Wael M Elsaify1

  • 1General Surgery Department, James Cook University Hospital, England.

The American Surgeon
|June 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare cancer. Advanced stage, older age, and metastasis are poor prognostic factors for PTL, indicating a need for further research.

Keywords:
lymphomamanagementpresentationprognosisthyroid

More Related Videos

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
05:12

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.9K
Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
04:01

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: September 15, 2023

903

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
03:55

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

620
Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
05:12

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.9K
Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
04:01

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: September 15, 2023

903

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare malignancy, comprising approximately 5% of all thyroid cancers and less than 2% of extranodal lymphomas.
  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the predominant pathological subtype of PTL.

Approach:

  • A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with thyroid lymphoma between 2011 and 2021.
  • Inclusion criteria involved clinical, radiological, and pathological evaluation with ongoing patient follow-up.

Key Points:

  • Eight patients were analyzed, with a mean age of 63 years; diagnosis was confirmed via histology.
  • Six patients presented with stage IIE disease, and two with stage IVE disease.
  • Four patients experienced disease-related mortality; the remaining four achieved complete remission with chemotherapy (RCHOP) or radiotherapy, or were undergoing treatment for airway compression.

Conclusions:

  • PTL is a rare thyroid malignancy with limited research.
  • Advanced stage, older age, compression symptoms, large tumor size, and metastasis are indicators of a poor prognosis.
  • Further research is essential to improve understanding and management of PTL.