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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
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Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

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Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...
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Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics01:19

Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics

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Depolarizing blockers are administered through intravenous injection. Succinylcholine is the most common choice of depolarizing blockers in emergency clinical practices. Although they have a rapid onset, they readily diffuse away from the motor end plate into the extracellular fluid. They are metabolized by enzymes such as liver butyrylcholinesterase and plasma pseudocholinesterases. This produces a short duration of action, typically 5-10 minutes long, unlike nondepolarizing blockers, which...
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Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

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Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments
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Fatal Autonomic Dysfunction Due to Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Cardiac Surgery.

Emre Selcuk1, Cengiz Koksal1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Texas Heart Institute Journal
|June 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) can occur after surgery, but its link to cardiac surgery is rare. This case highlights severe autonomic dysfunction as a fatal complication of GBS post-cardiac surgery.

Keywords:
Autonomic nervous system diseases/complications/physiopathologyGuillain-Barré syndrome/complications/diagnosis/etiology/physiopathology/therapyaxons/pathologyfatal outcomeimmunoglobulins, intravenous/therapeutic usemuscle weakness/etiologyplasmapheresispostoperative complications

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare peripheral neuropathy.
  • An increased incidence of GBS is observed in surgical patients.
  • The relationship between surgery and GBS remains unclear, with limited reports post-cardiac surgery.

Observation:

  • A 71-year-old woman developed acute motor axonal neuropathic GBS after mitral valve replacement.
  • The patient experienced severe autonomic dysfunction, a complication not previously reported after cardiac surgery.
  • Despite treatment with plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin, the patient died 25 days postoperatively.

Findings:

  • This case presents the first reported instance of autonomic dysfunction complicating GBS following cardiac surgery.
  • The patient's GBS subtype was acute motor axonal neuropathic.
  • Fatal outcomes due to autonomic dysfunction post-cardiac surgery and GBS were observed.

Implications:

  • Cardiac surgery patients are potentially vulnerable to autonomic dysfunction in the early postoperative period.
  • Recognizing potential cardiovascular involvement in GBS is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
  • This case underscores the need for vigilance regarding neurological complications, including GBS and autonomic dysfunction, after cardiac procedures.