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Fluorinated Agents Effects on Orthodontic Alloys: A Descriptive In Vitro Study
Roberta Condò1, Elisabetta Carli2, Alessandro Cioffi1
1Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 9, 2022
Summary
Fluoride treatments can affect orthodontic wires, causing metal ion elution and surface corrosion, especially with prolonged use or certain gels. Clinician guidance is crucial for safe home use of these dental products.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Dental Materials
Background:
- Fluoride agents are vital for preventing demineralization and caries.
- Environmental acidity from fluoride products can compromise orthodontic alloy corrosion resistance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the chemical stability and corrosion resistance of orthodontic alloys (stainless steel and nickel-titanium) when exposed to common household fluoridated mouthwashes and gels.
- To assess the impact of these agents on metal ion elution and surface integrity.
Main Methods:
- In vitro immersion tests of stainless steel and nickel-titanium wires in various fluoridated mouthwashes and gels.
- Weight variation measurements to quantify erosion.
- Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for metal ion elution analysis.
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface morphology evaluation.
Main Results:
- Stainless steel wires showed minimal erosion with most mouthwashes, but prolonged exposure led to increased metal elution.
- Nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) wires exhibited greater sensitivity, with significant metal ion elution observed, particularly with certain fluoridated gels.
- Surface analysis revealed changes affecting the wires' appearance and corrosion resistance, indicating surface layer degradation.
Conclusions:
- While orthodontic wires generally exhibit good chemical stability, exposure to fluoridated agents can cause surface corrosion and metal ion release.
- Careful selection and prescribed use of fluoride mouthwashes and gels are recommended to balance caries prevention with the integrity of orthodontic appliances.
- Adherence to manufacturer guidelines for dental gels is essential to prevent adverse effects on alloy surfaces.
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