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Enterovirus A71 antivirals: Past, present, and future
Jun Wang1, Yanmei Hu1, Madeleine Zheng1
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
|July 18, 2022
Summary
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) causes hand, foot, and mouth disease and severe neurological issues. This review explores antiviral development, highlighting challenges and future directions for effective EV-A71 treatments.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Drug Development
Background:
- Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a major human pathogen causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and potentially severe neurological complications like acute flaccid myelitis (AFM).
- Current EV-A71 vaccines in China offer limited protection against emerging strains, and no specific antiviral treatments are approved globally.
- Developing effective antivirals is crucial due to the limitations of existing vaccines and the significant public health impact of EV-A71.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in the development of antiviral therapies targeting EV-A71.
- To analyze the strengths and weaknesses of various drug targets, including viral proteins and host factors.
- To identify critical knowledge gaps and future research priorities for effective EV-A71 antiviral strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific publications and clinical trial data on EV-A71 antiviral research.
- Analysis of drug targets, including viral structural proteins, non-structural proteins, and host cell factors involved in viral replication.
- Evaluation of the efficacy, safety, and limitations of different antiviral approaches, including capsid and protease inhibitors.
Main Results:
- Significant progress has been made in identifying potential antiviral targets and drug candidates for EV-A71.
- Approaches targeting viral proteins and host factors show promise, but challenges remain.
- Previous clinical trials of viral capsid and protease inhibitors for related viruses (e.g., human rhinovirus) faced efficacy and side effect limitations.
Conclusions:
- Despite progress, no approved antiviral therapy currently exists for EV-A71 infections.
- Further research is needed to overcome limitations of existing drug candidates and develop broadly protective and safe antiviral treatments.
- Addressing identified knowledge gaps is essential to accelerate the development of effective EV-A71 antivirals.
Keywords:
2C proteinAcute flaccid myelitisAntiviralsEV-A71Enterovirus A71Foot and mouth disease (HFMD)HandPicornavirusMore Related Videos
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