Conceptualizing Leader-Member Exchange as a Second-Order Construct.
1Department of Communication Arts and Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
Frontiers in Psychology
|July 25, 2022
Summary
Researchers investigated leader-member exchange (LMX) measures, finding that most assess the same underlying construct. This suggests current measurement proliferation may not be necessary for understanding LMX dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Organizational Behavior
- Psychology
- Management Science
Background:
- Extensive scholarly effort has been dedicated to developing valid measures of leader-member exchange (LMX).
- The necessity of this proliferation in LMX measurement tools remains uncertain.
- It is unclear if newly developed LMX measures offer sufficient differentiation from established ones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the distinctiveness of various leader-member exchange (LMX) measurement instruments.
- To determine if existing and novel LMX measures capture unique conceptual variance.
- To assess the construct validity and convergence of different LMX scales.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive review of the current landscape of leader-member exchange (LMX) measurement.
- Empirical investigation through three distinct studies examining multiple LMX scales.
- Statistical analysis to assess the relationships and underlying factor structures of various LMX measures.
Main Results:
- Findings indicate a high degree of convergence among the leader-member exchange (LMX) measures examined.
- Virtually all investigated LMX measures function as indicators of a single, shared second-order factor.
- The results suggest that most LMX measures are tapping into the same fundamental construct.
Conclusions:
- The proliferation of leader-member exchange (LMX) measures may be redundant, as most assess the same core construct.
- Future research should consider the shared variance when selecting or developing LMX instruments.
- A unified understanding of leader-member exchange (LMX) may be achievable with fewer, well-validated measures.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:06Social Exchange Theory
35.3K
We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
35.3K
01:37Social Loafing
35.7K
Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
35.7K
01:27Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation
227
Power motivation and achievement motivation are two essential social motives identified by psychologist David McClelland. These motives influence behavior in various personal and professional contexts, shaping how individuals interact with others and pursue their goals.
Power motivation is characterized by the desire to influence, control, or have an impact on others. It is shaped by an individual's experiences, social environment, and cultural context. People with high power motivation are...
Power motivation is characterized by the desire to influence, control, or have an impact on others. It is shaped by an individual's experiences, social environment, and cultural context. People with high power motivation are...
227
01:21Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation
419
Affiliation motivation is the intrinsic desire to connect with others and belong to a social group, which plays a crucial role in forming and maintaining personal relationships. This type of motivation is essential for psychological well-being, as it provides individuals with a sense of community and support. An example of this is a student who joins a study group in order to feel a sense of connection. People with high affiliation motivation actively seek social approval, take satisfaction in...
419
01:27Levels of Communication II: Organizational, Public, and Group Dynamics
2.2K
Effective communication is the foundation of a good organization. Communication is the lifeblood of an organization that connects the group with messages. In an organization, communication occurs in upward, downward, and horizontal lines. Downward communication travels from the administrative and senior levels to the staff through official channels such as manuals, rules and regulations, and organizational charts. Staff members initiate upward communication, which is addressed to executives and...
2.2K
02:12Relationship Formation
40.9K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
40.9K