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A Multi-detection Assay for Malaria Transmitting Mosquitoes
Published on: February 28, 2015
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Malaria Surveillance - United States, 2018
Kimberly E Mace1, Naomi W Lucchi1, Kathrine R Tan1
1Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, CDC.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)
|September 1, 2022
Summary
Malaria cases in the U.S. decreased in 2018, with most imported from Africa. Poor adherence to malaria chemoprophylaxis among travelers remains a significant concern for prevention efforts.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Malaria is a significant public health concern, primarily transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes.
- While most U.S. cases are imported due to travel, local transmission can occur.
- Malaria surveillance is crucial for understanding occurrence, guiding prevention, and controlling outbreaks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize confirmed malaria cases in the U.S. in 2018 and analyze trends.
- To identify the origins, species, and risk factors associated with malaria cases.
- To assess antimalarial drug resistance markers and evaluate prevention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Data collected through National Malaria Surveillance System (NMSS) and National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS).
- Includes CDC clinical consultations and reference laboratory reports.
- Analysis of confirmed malaria cases, including species, origin, and drug resistance markers.
Main Results:
- 1,823 confirmed malaria cases in 2018, a 15.6% decrease from 2017.
- 85% of cases were imported, predominantly from Africa (West Africa).
- Plasmodium falciparum was the most common species; poor chemoprophylaxis adherence was noted (95%).
Conclusions:
- Imported malaria cases reflect global travel patterns, with a notable decrease in 2018.
- Improving traveler adherence to chemoprophylaxis is essential for reducing imported cases.
- Continued surveillance and molecular monitoring for drug resistance are vital for malaria control.
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