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Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoliposomes for the Entrapment of Bioactive Hydrophilic Globular Proteins
Published on: August 31, 2019
Encapsulation of Spirulina protein hydrolysates in liposomes: Impact on antioxidant activity and gastrointestinal
Maryam Mohammadi1, Hamed Hamishehkar2, David Julian McClements3
1Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center and Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract:
A Spirulina hydrolysate was encapsulated within anionic liposomes composed of soybean lecithin and γ-oryzanol at an encapsulation efficiency of 90 %. A combination of 10 mg/mL hydrolysate and 1.3 mg/mL γ-oryzanol exhibited a significant synergism in inhibition of the formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and provided good protection of the liposomes against oxidation. The particle size of the liposomes increased significantly in the presence of the hydrolysate. Chitosomes were formed by coating the anionic liposomes with cationic chitosan. The antioxidant activity of the hydrolysate-loaded liposomes and chitosomes and free hydrolysate decreased under the highly acidic conditions in the stomach with the reduction in activity being greatest for the free hydrolysate. However, after exposure to small intestine conditions, the antioxidant activity of all formulations increased significantly (p < 0.05). This study highlights the potential of non-coated and coated liposomes to increase the stability and bioactivity of bioactive protein hydrolysates.
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