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Polyphenols and Small Phenolic Acids as Cellular Metabolic Regulators.

Mark Obrenovich1,2,3,4,5,6, Yi Li7, Moncef Tayahi3,8

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Current Issues in Molecular Biology
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Dietary polyphenols act as antioxidants, but their metabolism is influenced by gut microbiota. This review explores how polyphenols and gut microbes interact within the microbiota-gut-target organ axis in health and disease.

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catechinseugenolgreen teamass spectrometrymicrobiotapolyphenolsresveratrolsmall phenolic acidswhole genome sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Polyphenols from plant-based diets are known dietary antioxidants.
  • Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host health and disease, participating in co-metabolism.
  • Polyphenol metabolism, bioavailability, and the gut microbiota's role are often overlooked.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of polyphenols and phenolic compounds as metabolic regulators.
  • To explore the relationship between polyphenols, gut microbiota, and the microbiota-gut-target organ axis.
  • To understand the impact of these interactions in both health and disease states.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on polyphenols and gut microbiota.
  • Analysis of the biochemical interactions between phenolic compounds and microbial metabolism.
  • Exploration of the microbiota-gut-target organ axis in the context of polyphenol metabolism.

Main Results:

  • Polyphenols are metabolized by gut microbiota, influencing their bioavailability and bioactivity.
  • Gut microbiota composition significantly impacts the host's response to dietary polyphenols.
  • The interplay between polyphenols and gut microbiota affects various physiological processes and disease outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota is essential for polyphenol metabolism and function.
  • Understanding the polyphenol-microbiota interaction is key to leveraging their health benefits.
  • Targeting the microbiota-gut-target organ axis offers potential therapeutic strategies for polyphenol-related health outcomes.