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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...
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Fibril-associated collagens are a type of collagens present in the extracellular matrix with interrupted triple helices or FACIT (Fibril-associated collagens interrupted triple-helices). FACIT help connect and attach the collagen fibrils with each other as well as with other proteins of the extracellular matrix.
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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors
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Calcifying fibrous tumor.

Hanan Elsarraj1, Ameer Hamza1

  • 1The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.

Autopsy & Case Reports
|October 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calcifying fibrous tumors are rare benign neoplasms. This case highlights a small bowel calcifying fibrous tumor in an elderly female, emphasizing the need to consider rare diagnoses that mimic aggressive lesions.

Keywords:
Gastrointestinal Stromal TumorsIntestinal PolypsNeoplasms, Fibrous Tissue

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT) is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm with uncertain etiology.
  • CFTs exhibit wide anatomical distribution, commonly affecting extremities in younger individuals and visceral locations in middle-aged patients.

Observation:

  • A case of CFT in a 71-year-old female presenting as an incidental small bowel mass.
  • Clinically and radiologically, the mass mimicked metastatic disease or gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).
  • Gross examination revealed a 2.0 cm submucosal mass with a hard, calcified cut surface.

Findings:

  • Microscopic examination showed scant spindle cells in a dense, hyalinized, and calcified collagenous stroma.
  • Immunohistochemical stains for common mesenchymal and epithelial markers were negative.
  • Diagnosis of calcifying fibrous tumor was confirmed after excluding other possibilities.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of recognizing rare entities like CFT, especially in visceral locations where they can mimic aggressive tumors.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate patient management and avoiding unnecessary aggressive treatments.
  • Provides a rare gross specimen image of CFT, aiding in future diagnostic efforts.