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Mach-Zehnder interferometer based fiber-optic nitrate sensor.

Abdullah Al Noman, Jitendra Narayan Dash, Xin Cheng

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    |October 19, 2022
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    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents a novel fiber-optic sensor for detecting nitrate ions in water. The graphene-PVA coated Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensor offers rapid and accurate nitrate tracing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Chemical Sensing
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Accurate nitrate detection is crucial for environmental monitoring and water quality assessment.
    • Existing methods for nitrate tracing can be slow or lack sensitivity.
    • Fiber-optic sensors offer potential for real-time, in-situ measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a biocompatible, reliable, and quick-responsive fiber-optic sensor for nitrate analyte tracing.
    • To develop a sensor utilizing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) configuration coated with a functionalized membrane.
    • To evaluate the sensor's performance in terms of sensitivity and response time for nitrate detection.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensor by collapsing air holes of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and splicing with single-mode fibers (SMFs).
    • Coating the PCF-MZI sensor with a graphene-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane using a thermal technique for enhanced nitrate ion attraction.
    • Incorporation of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with SMF to improve sensing accuracy.

    Main Results:

    • The developed sensor exhibited a maximum response of 0.15 pm/ppm within a nitrate measurement range of 0-100 ppm.
    • The sensor demonstrated a rapid average reaction time of approximately 10 seconds.
    • The integration of FBG enhanced the overall sensing accuracy for nitrate detection.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed graphene-PVA coated PCF-MZI sensor is effective for biocompatible, reliable, and rapid nitrate tracing.
    • The sensor's quick response time and good sensitivity make it suitable for real-time water quality monitoring.
    • The incorporation of FBG further improves the accuracy of nitrate detection, offering a promising solution for environmental sensing applications.