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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
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Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Feeding and Swallowing Issues in Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Skye Nandi Adams1

  • 1Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
|October 24, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face significant feeding challenges, including picky eating and restrictive diets. These issues impact health, leading to malnutrition and obesity, and require better understanding and management strategies.

Keywords:
Covid-19autismfeeding managementfussy eating

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit more feeding difficulties than typically developing children.
  • These difficulties significantly impact adaptive function, health, and family well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight how specific food preferences contribute to feeding difficulties in children with ASD.
  • To examine how restrictive diets in ASD affect nutritional intake and health outcomes.
  • To underscore the lack of understanding and inadequate management of feeding issues in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on feeding behaviors in children with ASD.
  • Analysis of the relationship between food choices, restrictive diets, and health consequences.
  • Discussion of assessment and management challenges.

Main Results:

  • Children with ASD display unique feeding issues like extreme picky eating and limited food repertoires.
  • Restrictive diets displace healthier options, contributing to malnutrition and obesity.
  • Current knowledge gaps hinder effective assessment and management of feeding difficulties.

Conclusions:

  • Feeding difficulties in ASD are complex and persist across the lifespan.
  • Improved understanding of food preferences and dietary patterns is crucial.
  • Enhanced knowledge is needed for better assessment and management strategies for all stakeholders.