Pediatric nurse-patient communication practices at Pentecost Hospital, Madina: A qualitative study

Delivering quality health care requires effective communication between health care providers and their patients. Nurse-patient effective communication remains a challenge in Ghana, despite criticism and concern expressed by the public. The study, therefore, aims to assess the effective nurse caregivers' communication practices among pediatric nurses at Pentecost Hospital, Madina.

A qualitative exploratory and purposive sampling technique were used. Participants were engaged in Focus group discussions or face-to-face interviews. In all, 4 focus group discussions were conducted with 7 participants in each group and 15 face-face in-depth interviews, with a total sample size of 43. The data was content analyzed. Interviews were taped recorded and transcribed verbatim.

The data analysis yielded 3 themes and 11 subthemes. The main themes were: effective communication practices, factors influencing effective communication, and attitudes towards effective communication. The study revealed how the participants communicated with patients who are deaf-mute, anxious, and those who refused treatment. In addition, participants reported how they used techniques such as silence, listening, and leading cues in communicating with patients and their relatives.

Effective communication between pediatric nurses, patients, and their parents is ascertained to be a key tool in the delivery of quality health care. However, several factors are found to hinder this therapeutic communication. Hence, further studies are needed to improve effective communication skills among pediatric nurses and their patients to enhance health care for children.