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[The Less Frequent Tick-borne Infections in Central Europe].

Rainer Weber1,2

  • 1mediX Praxis Altstetten, Schweiz.

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique
|October 28, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tick-borne infections are rising in Central Europe, with less common pathogens like Anaplasma and Babesia emerging. Clinicians must suspect these diseases even without a known tick bite, especially in vulnerable patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tick-borne infections are increasing in Central Europe due to expanding vector ranges and emerging pathogens.
  • This review details less frequent tick-borne pathogens, including Anaplasma, Babesia, Borrelia miyamotoi, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Ehrlichia, Francisella tularensis, Rickettsia, relapsing fever spirochetes, and tick-borne viruses.

Approach:

  • Focuses on a clinical and geographic approach to tick-borne infections in Central Europe.
  • Considers travel-associated infections and highlights the role of various tick species beyond Ixodes.
  • Emphasizes the importance of a thorough patient history, including profession, leisure activities, travel, and immune status.

Key Points:

  • Clinical manifestations are often nonspecific, necessitating a high index of suspicion for tick-borne diseases, even without a reported tick exposure.
  • Less than 50% of infected individuals recall a tick bite.
  • Immunocompromised and splenectomized individuals are at higher risk for severe and life-threatening outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians should consider tick-borne illnesses in patients with unexplained fever, rash, or neurological symptoms.
  • Awareness of less common tick-borne pathogens and their varied presentations is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
  • Proactive patient history taking is essential for identifying potential exposures and risk factors.