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Updated: Aug 22, 2025

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Electrochemical Sensor for Bilirubin Detection Using Paper-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes Functionalized with Silver

Nigar Anzar1, Shariq Suleman1, Rocky Kumar1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India.

Micromachines
|November 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel, low-cost electrochemical biosensor for detecting bilirubin, a key indicator of jaundice. The paper-based sensor offers a sensitive and portable solution for point-of-care diagnostics.

Keywords:
bilirubinelectrochemicaljaundicenanoparticlesserum

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Biosensors
  • Nanomaterials

Background:

  • Bilirubin is a crucial biomarker for diagnosing hemolytic diseases and jaundice.
  • Accurate bilirubin measurement is vital for patient health, necessitating portable and affordable diagnostic tools.
  • Current diagnostic methods may lack the portability and cost-effectiveness required for point-of-care applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, inexpensive, and miniature electrochemical biosensor for selective bilirubin detection.
  • To utilize paper-based screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and bilirubin oxidase.
  • To establish a point-of-care diagnostic tool for jaundice and related conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of paper-based screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with AgNPs.
  • Immobilization of bilirubin oxidase onto the modified electrodes to create an electrochemical biosensor.
  • Characterization of AgNPs using UV-Vis Spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
  • Electrochemical analysis using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV).

Main Results:

  • The developed paper-based sensor demonstrated optimal performance for bilirubin detection.
  • Achieved a broad linear range of 1 to 9 µg/mL for bilirubin quantification.
  • Established a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1 µg/mL.
  • Confirmed sensor viability through testing with artificial blood serum samples.

Conclusions:

  • A cost-effective, miniature electrochemical sensor for bilirubin detection has been successfully developed.
  • The paper-based biosensor offers a promising platform for portable and accessible point-of-care diagnostics.
  • This technology can aid in the early and efficient diagnosis of jaundice and hemolytic diseases.