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[THE HISTORY OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF HEALTH].
N V Orlova1,2, G S Kovtiukh1, N N Kamynina3
1N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
Problemy Sotsial'Noi Gigieny, Zdravookhraneniia I Istorii Meditsiny
|November 17, 2022
Summary
The concept of health has evolved significantly throughout history, shifting from religious and humoral theories to cell-based pathology and modern multifactorial understandings. Today, health is recognized as influenced by medical, social, and environmental factors.
Area of Science:
- Medical History
- Philosophy of Health
Context:
- Historical understanding of health and disease varies due to available evidence.
- Early concepts linked health to religion and humoral balance (Hippocrates).
- Renaissance and Enlightenment introduced anatomical and physiological perspectives.
Purpose:
- Trace the historical evolution of the concept of health.
- Analyze changing definitions of health and disease across epochs.
- Highlight the shift towards multifactorial health determinants.
Summary:
- Ancient views focused on religious beliefs and the balance of four humors.
- Disease was later understood as anatomical damage and cellular pathology.
- The 20th century brought molecular medicine and holistic health definitions, like WHO's 'complete well-being'.
Impact:
- Modern health concepts integrate medical, social, ecological, and economic factors.
- Recognizes health as a complex, multifactorial state beyond mere absence of disease.
- Informs contemporary public health strategies and interdisciplinary research.
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