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Depression and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents.
Aliza Grossberg1, Timothy Rice1
1Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1111 Amsterdam Avenue, Babcock Building 5 West, New York, NY, USA.
The Medical Clinics of North America
|November 19, 2022
Summary
Adolescent depression, particularly in females, is a serious concern linked to suicide. This review covers risk factors, protective elements, and modern challenges like social media and the pandemic.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Adolescent Health
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Depression onset frequently occurs during adolescence.
- Adolescent depression impacts 1 in 4 females and 1 in 10 males in the U.S.
- It is a major risk factor for suicide, a leading cause of adolescent death.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review adolescent depression, considering developmental and gender aspects.
- To identify key risk factors such as nonsuicidal self-injury, adverse childhood experiences, and substance abuse.
- To examine protective factors and contemporary issues including COVID-19 and social media.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on adolescent depression prevalence.
- Examination of research on risk and protective factors.
Main Results:
- Adolescent depression presents unique developmental and gender-related challenges.
- Nonsuicidal self-injury, adverse childhood experiences, and substance abuse are significant risk factors.
- Social media use and pandemic-related stressors are emerging concerns.
Conclusions:
- Understanding adolescent depression requires a multifaceted approach.
- Addressing risk factors and leveraging protective elements are crucial for intervention.
- Further research into contemporary influences is needed to inform effective treatments.
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