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The Changing Epidemiology of Central Nervous System Infection: Can Radiologists Keep Up?
Brenda Sze Peng Ang1, Thirugnanam Umapathi2, Tchoyoson Lim3
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433.
Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|November 20, 2022
Summary
Radiologists can improve patient care by combining neuroimaging with knowledge of infectious disease epidemiology and geographic patterns. Understanding emerging pathogens and their imaging features is crucial for diagnosing central nervous system infections.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Radiology
Background:
- Central nervous system (CNS) infections pose diagnostic challenges.
- Global disease patterns and emerging pathogens are constantly evolving.
- Epidemiology and geographic distribution of CNS infections are critical for diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of integrating epidemiological data with neuroimaging findings.
- To review emerging, reemerging, and zoonotic CNS infections.
- To emphasize the role of radiologists in multidisciplinary teams for pandemic preparedness.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on CNS infections.
- Analysis of global disease patterns and emerging pathogens (henipaviruses, coronaviruses, vector-borne).
- Presentation of case examples with typical and atypical imaging features.
Main Results:
- Diagnostic value increases when neuroimaging is combined with epidemiological knowledge.
- Emerging pathogens present unique and sometimes mimetic imaging characteristics.
- Neuroimaging advances aid in early detection and characterization of CNS infections.
Conclusions:
- Radiologists can enhance their clinical value by understanding CNS infection epidemiology.
- Awareness of emerging infectious threats is vital for accurate diagnosis.
- Advanced neuroimaging and epidemiological knowledge are key for future pandemic response.
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