Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 20, 2025
09:49
Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation
Published on: August 13, 2015
9.4K
Pathophysiology and Clinical Biomarkers in Interstitial Cystitis
John M Masterson1, Peris R Castañeda1, Jayoung Kim2
1Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
The Urologic Clinics of North America
|November 24, 2022
Summary
Identifying reliable biomarkers for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is challenging due to disease heterogeneity. Promising biomarkers are emerging in immunity, neural pathways, and urothelial integrity, improving our understanding of this prevalent condition.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Immunology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a prevalent urological condition.
- IC/BPS is poorly understood, presenting diagnostic challenges due to heterogeneous patient presentations and pathophysiology.
- It accounts for a significant number of urology office visits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current literature on biomarkers for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.
- To identify promising biomarkers that could aid in the diagnosis and understanding of IC/BPS.
- To highlight the ongoing research efforts in biomarker discovery for IC/BPS.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive review of existing scientific literature was conducted.
- Original investigations reporting potential biomarkers for IC/BPS were identified and analyzed.
- The review focused on biomarkers across various physiological systems.
Main Results:
- Several promising biomarkers have been identified in areas including immunity and inflammation.
- Research has revealed potential biomarkers related to neural pathways and urothelial integrity.
- Anesthetic bladder capacity has also been explored as a potential diagnostic indicator.
Conclusions:
- No single perfect biomarker for IC/BPS has been identified to date.
- Despite challenges, biomarker research has significantly advanced the understanding of IC/BPS pathophysiology.
- Continued research into biomarkers is crucial for improving diagnosis and treatment of IC/BPS.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology
28
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
28
01:26Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
28
Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
28
01:17Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction
348
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
348
01:30Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
224
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
224
01:30Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
23
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
23
01:17Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction
522
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
522