Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids01:28

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

125
Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
125
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.2K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.2K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.1K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.1K
Preparation of Nitriles01:12

Preparation of Nitriles

2.2K
One of the common methods to prepare nitriles is the dehydration of amides. This method requires strong dehydrating agents like phosphorous pentoxide or boiling acetic anhydride for converting amides to nitriles. Another reagent namely, thionyl chloride also accomplishes the dehydration of amides, where amide acts as a nucleophile. The first step of the mechanism involves the nucleophilic attack by the amide on the thionyl chloride to form an intermediate. In the next step, the electron pairs...
2.2K
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

1.9K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
1.9K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

10.7K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Design of Potent and Selective BCL6 Transcriptional Chemical Inducers of Proximity through Linker Optimization.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Structure-activity relationships in a series of dihydrouracil-JQ1 conjugates: discovery of highly potent BRD4 degraders.

RSC medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Shape-Conserving Atom Replacements.

Chemical reviews·2026
Same author

Rapid Fragment Screening by <sup>19</sup>F Steady-State Free Precession NMR.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Physicochemical Properties of α-Fluoroalkyl-Substituted Cycloalkylamines and Amino Acids.

ChemMedChem·2026
Same author

Alkenyl Fluorosulfates-Expedient Partners for Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

VOCs Adsorption and Exchange Properties in Bispidine-Based Mn(II) 1D CPs Made of Orthogonally Oriented Linear Chains.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Electrosynthesis of Glycine From Nitrate and Glyoxylic Acid Over a Bi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> Nanosheets-Based Catalyst.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Symmetry Breaking in Achiral Porphyrins: Noncovalent Origins of Emergent Optical Activity.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Modulation of O<sub>2</sub> Affinity and Enzymatic Activity of Core‒Shell Structured Hemoglobin Nanoparticles.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Stepwise Synthesis of Tetrabenzotriazaporphyrins (TBTAPs) and Their Open 2- and 3-Ring Fragments.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Geometry-Based Neural-Network Prediction of Electron Localization Function Topology in Dense Hydrogen.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes
07:44

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes

Published on: July 6, 2016

11.2K

C-C Coupling through Nitrogen Deletion: Application to Library Synthesis.

Serhii Holovach1, Kostiantyn P Melnykov1,2, Illia Poroshyn1

  • 1Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|November 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new method enables efficient C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling for creating novel chemical compounds. This reductive amination strategy significantly expands accessible chemical space for drug discovery.

Keywords:
combinatorial chemistryheterocycleslead-likenessparallel synthesisskeletal editing

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: In Silico Creation and Impact of Carbonylated Amino Acids on Protein Structure and Function
05:57

Author Spotlight: In Silico Creation and Impact of Carbonylated Amino Acids on Protein Structure and Function

Published on: April 26, 2024

458
Transcription Start Site Mapping Using Super-low Input Carrier-CAGE
06:59

Transcription Start Site Mapping Using Super-low Input Carrier-CAGE

Published on: June 26, 2019

12.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes
07:44

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes

Published on: July 6, 2016

11.2K
Author Spotlight: In Silico Creation and Impact of Carbonylated Amino Acids on Protein Structure and Function
05:57

Author Spotlight: In Silico Creation and Impact of Carbonylated Amino Acids on Protein Structure and Function

Published on: April 26, 2024

458
Transcription Start Site Mapping Using Super-low Input Carrier-CAGE
06:59

Transcription Start Site Mapping Using Super-low Input Carrier-CAGE

Published on: June 26, 2019

12.2K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Developing efficient synthetic routes for C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond formation is crucial in organic synthesis.
  • Accessing novel chemical scaffolds is essential for drug discovery and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a novel protocol for parallel C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling.
  • To demonstrate the utility of this method in generating diverse compound libraries.

Main Methods:

  • A reaction sequence involving reductive amination and "nitrogen deletion" was employed.
  • The protocol was validated through the synthesis of a 25-member compound library.

Main Results:

  • The developed protocol achieved a 76% synthetic efficiency for the compound library.
  • The approach provides access to an estimated 600,000 unique chemical structures.
  • These structures are largely unrepresented in existing compound databases.

Conclusions:

  • The developed protocol offers a powerful tool for accessing novel and diverse chemical entities.
  • This method significantly expands the chemical space available for drug discovery efforts.